A quick note before jumping in: As you may know, 家 can be read in several ways such as いえ (ie), け (ke), や (ya), and か (ka). For this post, I will focus on only いえ which is a noun meaning a house or a home, while comparing うち (uchi).
Generally, 家 (ie) and うち (uchi) can be translated to "home" or "house" in English, but they have slightly different usages in Japanese.
While 家 refers to a house or home, うち is commonly used when referring to one's own home, household, company, or organization. Also, when used with the particle の (no) as うちの, it means "my" or "our." Since うち/うちの is a casual expression, it is used primarily in spoken language.
Example
1. 家の近くに大きな公園がある。
There is a big house near the park.
❎ We don't say: 公園の近くに大きなうちがある。
2. うちの場所わかりますか?
Do you know where my house is?
✅ You could also say: 私の家の場所わかりますか?
3. うち来る?
Do you want to come over?
✅うちの家来る?
✅私の家来る?
4. うちでは毎朝、納豆と味噌汁を食べます。
Every morning at my house, we eat natto and miso soup for breakfast.
✅ 私のうちでは毎朝、納豆と味噌汁を食べます。
✅ 私の家では毎朝、納豆と味噌汁を食べます。
5. うちはふたりともフルタイムで働いています。
We both (my husband and I) work full time.
❎ 家はふたりともフルタイムで働いています。
6. うちの会社、最高!
Our company is awesome!
❎ 家の会社、最高!
7. 今日はうちでのんびりします。
I'm going just chill at home today.
✅ 今日は家でのんびりします。
8. 昨日は彼女の家に行きました。
I went to my girlfriend’s place yesterday.
✅ 昨日は彼女のうちに行きました。
*You could say "彼女のうち," but I feel like it's less commonly used... Instead of " - のうち," I personally use the short form " - んち" more often when referring to someone's house (I would use " - の家" when speaking in polite language or Keigo.) For example...
・おじいちゃんとおばあちゃんちに行った。
I want to go to Grandpa and Grandma's house.
Keigo: 祖父と祖母の家に行きました。
・サトシんちに行ってくるね。
I’m going to Satoshi's house.
Keigo: サトシの家に行ってきます。
Hope this helps! Please feel free to leave comments and questions below.
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